Sensibilidad materna y problemas de conducta en niños preescolares de NSE bajo
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2016-11-14
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Tanto Ainsworth como Bowlby plantearon que la sensibilidad materna es un factor que se asocia al desarrollo de un apego seguro en el niño, lo cual ha sido respaldado por diversos estudios a lo largo del tiempo. De esta manera, el niño que posea un apego seguro tendría menos posibilidades de desarrollar problemas de conducta a lo largo de su vida. De esta manera, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la relación entre la sensibilidad materna y los problemas de conducta en preescolares de nivel socioeconómico bajo de Lima Metropolitana. Para ello se evaluó a 36 niños(as) con un rango de edad de 36 a 59 meses (M = 44.31, DE = 7.09) junto a sus madres con edades entre 22 y 42 años de edad (M = 28.33, DE = 5.14). Asimismo, para evaluar la sensibilidad materna se utilizó el Maternal Behavior for Preschooler´s Q-set (MBPQS) (Posada, Kaloustian, Richmond & Moreno, 2007) y para los problemas de conducta el Child Behavior Check List 1.5- 5 (CBCL 1.5- 5) (Rescorla, 2005; ASEBA, 2014). Los resultados muestran que no existe una relación entre la sensibilidad materna y los problemas de conducta en el niño(a). Asimismo, se encontró una diferencia significativa en los problemas de conducta global en relación al sexo del niño, es decir, los varones tienden a presentar mayores problemas de conducta. Además, en cuanto a la escala externalizante se evidenció que los varones presentan más tendencia a desarrollar problemas de este tipo que las niñas, no mostrando ninguna diferencia significativa en la escala internalizante.
Ainsworth and Bowlby raised that maternal sensitivity is a factor associated with the development of a secure attachment in the child, has been supported by several studies over time. In this way, the child, with a secure attachment, would be less likely to develop behavioral problems throughout his life. The present study aims to explore the relationship between maternal sensitivity and behavior problems in preschool children of low socioeconomic status belonging to Lima Metropolitana. In order to achieve this, 36 children with ages in a range of 36 to 59 months (M = 44.31 , SD = 7.09) were evaluated, as well as their mothers, whose age oscillated between 22 and 42 years (M = 28.33 , SD = 5.14). Also, to evaluate maternal sensitivity was used the Maternal Behavior for Preschooler´s Q-set (MBPQS) (Posada, Kaloustian, Richmond & Moreno, 2007) and for behavior problems the Child Behavior Check List 1.5- 5 (CBCL 1.5- 5) (Rescorla, 2005; ASEBA, 2014). The results show there were not significant relation between maternal sensitivity and behavior problems in the child. Likewise, we found one significant difference in global behavior problems in relation to the sex of the child, where boys tend to have greater problems of conduct than girls. Moreover, the externalizing scale was shown that boys are more likely to develop this kind of problems than girls, showing no significant difference in internalizing scale.
Ainsworth and Bowlby raised that maternal sensitivity is a factor associated with the development of a secure attachment in the child, has been supported by several studies over time. In this way, the child, with a secure attachment, would be less likely to develop behavioral problems throughout his life. The present study aims to explore the relationship between maternal sensitivity and behavior problems in preschool children of low socioeconomic status belonging to Lima Metropolitana. In order to achieve this, 36 children with ages in a range of 36 to 59 months (M = 44.31 , SD = 7.09) were evaluated, as well as their mothers, whose age oscillated between 22 and 42 years (M = 28.33 , SD = 5.14). Also, to evaluate maternal sensitivity was used the Maternal Behavior for Preschooler´s Q-set (MBPQS) (Posada, Kaloustian, Richmond & Moreno, 2007) and for behavior problems the Child Behavior Check List 1.5- 5 (CBCL 1.5- 5) (Rescorla, 2005; ASEBA, 2014). The results show there were not significant relation between maternal sensitivity and behavior problems in the child. Likewise, we found one significant difference in global behavior problems in relation to the sex of the child, where boys tend to have greater problems of conduct than girls. Moreover, the externalizing scale was shown that boys are more likely to develop this kind of problems than girls, showing no significant difference in internalizing scale.
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Sensibilidad., Maternidad., Trastornos de la conducta infantil., Pobreza.
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