Un modelo de enfoque narrativo para la economía peruana
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2020-10-13
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación tiene como finalidad evaluar los efectos
macroeconómicos dinámicos de choques de política monetaria convencional y
no convencional para el periodo 2003-2019. Se estima un Vare identificado
mediante una nueva metodología de restricciones de signos tradicionales y
narrativos propuesta por Antolín Díaz y Rubio Ramírez (2018) en el espíritu del
enfoque narrativo. Esta metodología propone que el uso de fuentes históricas
(registros, reportes, etc.) presenta información valiosa para la correcta
identificación de un Vare, pues delimita correctamente que los parámetros
estructurales sean consistentes con los episodios especificados por dichas
fuentes. Para medir estos efectos se propondrá un modelo Benchmark
identificado con restricciones de signos tradicionales. La elección de variables y
los canales de transmisión del Vare están sustentada por el modelo teórico ISLM
con bancos de Bernanke y Blinder (1989). La esencia del presente trabajo
es que busca enfrentar el clásico problema de la endogeneidad entre los estudios
sobre la política monetaria, pues identifica choques verdaderamente exógenos,
los cuales son insertados en el Vare mediante instrumentos externos. Entre los
principales resultados se encuentra que, a diferencia de la identificación con
restricciones de signos tradicionales, choques sobre la tasa de encaje tienen
influencia sobre el producto real y la tasa de interés de referencia; mientras que,
por el lado de la política monetaria convencional, el uso de fuentes narrativas
limpia mejor los efectos de la tasa de interés sobre el nivel de producto, tasa de
inflación y tipo de cambio. Estos resultados son de gran relevancia, pues
reivindica la importancia del uso de la tasa de encaje como herramienta
complementaria a la tasa de interés para controlar el nivel de actividad
económica.
This research aims to evaluate the dynamic macroeconomic effects of the conventional and unconventional monetary policy shocks for the period 2003- 2019. A Vare identified through a new methodology of traditional and narrative sign restrictions proposed by Antolín Díaz and Rubio Ramírez (2018) is estimated in the spirit of the narrative approach. This methodology proposes that the use of historical sources (registers, reports, etc.) presents valuable information for the correct identification of a Vare, since it correctly delimits that the structural parameters are consistent with the episodes specified by various sources. To measure these effects, a Benchmark model identified with traditional sign restrictions it’s proposed. The choice of variables and the transmission channels of the Vare are supported by the theoretical IS-LM model with banks from Bernanke and Blinder (1989). The essence of this work is that it seeks to face the classic problem of endogeneity among studies on monetary policy, since it identifies truly exogenous shocks, which are affected in the Vare through external instruments. Among the main results is that, in contrast with the identification with traditional sign restrictions, shocks on the reserve requirement have influence on the real product and the reference interest rate; while, on the conventional monetary policy side, the use of narrative sources cleans better the effects of the interest rate on the level of output, inflation rate and exchange rate. These results are of great relevance, since it claims the importance of using the reserve requirement as a complementary tool to the interest rate to control the level of economic activity.
This research aims to evaluate the dynamic macroeconomic effects of the conventional and unconventional monetary policy shocks for the period 2003- 2019. A Vare identified through a new methodology of traditional and narrative sign restrictions proposed by Antolín Díaz and Rubio Ramírez (2018) is estimated in the spirit of the narrative approach. This methodology proposes that the use of historical sources (registers, reports, etc.) presents valuable information for the correct identification of a Vare, since it correctly delimits that the structural parameters are consistent with the episodes specified by various sources. To measure these effects, a Benchmark model identified with traditional sign restrictions it’s proposed. The choice of variables and the transmission channels of the Vare are supported by the theoretical IS-LM model with banks from Bernanke and Blinder (1989). The essence of this work is that it seeks to face the classic problem of endogeneity among studies on monetary policy, since it identifies truly exogenous shocks, which are affected in the Vare through external instruments. Among the main results is that, in contrast with the identification with traditional sign restrictions, shocks on the reserve requirement have influence on the real product and the reference interest rate; while, on the conventional monetary policy side, the use of narrative sources cleans better the effects of the interest rate on the level of output, inflation rate and exchange rate. These results are of great relevance, since it claims the importance of using the reserve requirement as a complementary tool to the interest rate to control the level of economic activity.
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Política monetaria--Perú, Tasa de interés--Perú, Tipos de cambio--Perú