Mediación del software Geogebra en el aprendizaje de programación lineal en alumnos del quinto grado de educación secundaria.
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2013-09-09
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La investigación está centrada en la enseñanza de la Programación Lineal mediada por el
software GeoGebra con alumnos del quinto grado de educación secundaria, de la
Institución Educativa N° 1136 “John F. Kennedy”. Este tema forma parte del Diseño
Curricular Nacional y por tanto del libro texto de quinto grado de educación secundaria;
sin embargo, o bien no se considera en la programación curricular anual o bien se enseña la
haciendo construcciones geométricas usando lápiz y papel. Investigaciones como
Malaspina (2008) y Moreno (2011), detectaron que la mayoría de alumnos no tiene
nociones sobre Programación Lineal, porque no las estudiaron en el colegio, esto se debe a que la mayoría de docentes no las incluyeron en su programación curricular anual.
Moreno (2011) y Reaño (2011) propusieron usar lápiz y papel para enseñar Programación Lineal, mientras que Paiva (2008), propuso usar calculadoras gráficas y el programa matemático Solver aplicado en Excel, por otra parte Sánchez & López (1999) y Coronado (2012) trabajaron con diseños y aplicaciones interactivas en Programación Lineal para internet. Nosotros proponemos usar GeoGebra como mediador de la enseñanza de la Programación Lineal, pues pensamos que con este software y las situaciones de aprendizaje propuestas a través de una serie de actividades lograremos que los alumnos puedan manipular, conjeturar, esbozar y plantear posibles soluciones mientras construyen el conocimiento sobre este tema y transitar por los Registros de Representación verbal, algebraico y gráfico de manera natural y espontánea, de ahí que el marco teórico elegido sea la Teoría de Registros de Representación Semiótica de Duval (1995) y el método de investigación propuesto es cualitativo y está basado en Hernández, Fernández & Baptista.
(2007). Finalmente, los alumnos usando algunos comandos de GeoGebra mostraron
habilidad y destreza al resolver problemas de Programación Lineal, modelaron
matemáticamente situaciones reales, lograron tener mayor precisión en la intersección de
regiones evitando distorsiones en los mismos, graduaron escalas y visualizaron las
representaciones algebraicas de las inecuaciones a través de las representaciones gráficas vistas en la ventana de GeoGebra mostrando así un tránsito coordinado y adecuado de registros de manera natural y espontánea.
Palabras claves:
Programación lineal, Registros de Representación Semiótica y GeoGebra.
The research is focused on teaching the mediated Linear Programming with GeoGebra software fifth grade secondary education, of School No. 1136 "John F. Kennedy " This topic is part of the National Curriculum Design and therefore the fifth grade textbook high school, however, either not considered in the annual curriculum or program is taught by geometric constructions using pencil and paper. Research such as Malaspina (2008) and Moreno (2011) found that most students do not have notions of linear programming, because they didn’t studied it in school, this is because the majority of teachers not included in their annual curricular programming . Moreno (2011) and Reano (2011) proposed to use pencil and paper to teach linear programming, while Paiva (2008), proposed using graphing calculators and mathematical program implemented in Excel Solver, moreover Sanchez & Lopez (1999) and Coronado (2012) worked with designs and linear programming interactive applications for the Internet. We propose to use GeoGebra as a mediator of the teaching of Linear Programming, because we think that with this software and learning situations proposals through a series of activities that students can achieve manipulate, conjecture, outline and propose possible solutions while building the knowledge on this subject and transit through the records verbal representation, algebraic and graph naturally and spontaneously, hence the theoretical framework chosen is the Representation Theory Semiotics Records Duval (1995) and the proposed research method is qualitative and is based on Hernandez, Fernandez & Baptista. (2007). Finally, students using GeoGebra commands showed some skill and ability to solve linear programming problems, real situations mathematically modeled, managed to have greater accuracy at the intersection of regions avoiding distortions in them, graduated scales and algebraic representations visualized the inequalities through view graphical representations in GeoGebra window showing well coordinated and adequate transit records naturally and spontaneously. Keywords: Linear Programming, Semiotics and Representation Records GeoGebra
The research is focused on teaching the mediated Linear Programming with GeoGebra software fifth grade secondary education, of School No. 1136 "John F. Kennedy " This topic is part of the National Curriculum Design and therefore the fifth grade textbook high school, however, either not considered in the annual curriculum or program is taught by geometric constructions using pencil and paper. Research such as Malaspina (2008) and Moreno (2011) found that most students do not have notions of linear programming, because they didn’t studied it in school, this is because the majority of teachers not included in their annual curricular programming . Moreno (2011) and Reano (2011) proposed to use pencil and paper to teach linear programming, while Paiva (2008), proposed using graphing calculators and mathematical program implemented in Excel Solver, moreover Sanchez & Lopez (1999) and Coronado (2012) worked with designs and linear programming interactive applications for the Internet. We propose to use GeoGebra as a mediator of the teaching of Linear Programming, because we think that with this software and learning situations proposals through a series of activities that students can achieve manipulate, conjecture, outline and propose possible solutions while building the knowledge on this subject and transit through the records verbal representation, algebraic and graph naturally and spontaneously, hence the theoretical framework chosen is the Representation Theory Semiotics Records Duval (1995) and the proposed research method is qualitative and is based on Hernandez, Fernandez & Baptista. (2007). Finally, students using GeoGebra commands showed some skill and ability to solve linear programming problems, real situations mathematically modeled, managed to have greater accuracy at the intersection of regions avoiding distortions in them, graduated scales and algebraic representations visualized the inequalities through view graphical representations in GeoGebra window showing well coordinated and adequate transit records naturally and spontaneously. Keywords: Linear Programming, Semiotics and Representation Records GeoGebra
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Matemáticas--Estudio y enseñanza (Secundaria)., Geometría--Estudio y enseñanza., Programación lineal
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