Diseño de estrategia de mejora continua basada en la metodología PDCA para aumentar la productividad en una planta de ensamble de posición fija de maquinaria pesada
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2024-08-28
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El actual trabajo de investigación llamado “Diseño de estrategia de mejora continua basado
en la metodología PDCA para aumentar la productividad en una planta de ensamble de posición
fija de maquinaria pesada” fue llevado a cabo con un caso de aplicación en la empresa Resemin
S.A. debido a la necesidad presentada de aumentar su productividad. Normalmente los encargados
de dirigir las compañías no escogen una distribución de planta por posición fija, esta se termina
adoptando por la naturaleza de las operaciones. Por ende, también se adoptan las desventajas de
esta distribución por lo que se hace necesario implementar estrategias de mejora continua para
menguar estas desventajas, obteniendo como beneficio principal un aumento en la productividad
de la empresa. Por lo que el objetivo de esta investigación es plantear una estrategia que sirva
como referencia para otros casos sobre cómo llevar proyectos de mejora continua siguiendo la
metodología PDCA en una planta de posición fija, en este caso se hizo la aplicación en la empresa
Resemin SA. Para llevar a cabo lo mencionado, se aplican herramientas de mejora continua como:
el análisis de los 5 porqués, diagrama de Ishikawa, diagrama analítico de procesos (DAP), 5W 2H,
entre otros más. Luego se desarrolló el análisis y diagnóstico de la situación inicial de la empresa
del caso de estudio, a través de los reportes de producción y resultados del análisis de un estudio
de tiempos realizado, descubriendo las oportunidades de mejora que se pueden llevar a cabo y su
injerencia directa al tiempo de ensamble de los equipos ofrecidos. Después se describen las
actividades llevadas a cabo acorde con el diagnóstico realizado, recalcando las oportunidades
detectadas a través de la fase PLAN de la metodología. Finalmente, se realizan las actividades
asociadas a medir, estandarizar y documentar, siendo esto la última fase de la metodología. Se
realizo una estimación del resultado del proyecto llevado a cabo, el cual nos indica los siguientes
datos: Valor actual neto (VAN) de S/. 2,964,471 y una tasa interna de retorno (TIR) de 285 %
mayor a la tasa de interés propuesta (12%), lo que indica que el proyecto es rentable.
The current research work called "Design of continuous improvement strategy based on the PDCA methodology to increase productivity in a fixed position assembly plant of heavy machinery" was carried out with an application case in the company Resemin S.A. due to the need to increase its productivity. Normally, those in charge of managing companies do not choose a fixed-position layout, this ends up being adopted due to the nature of the operations. Therefore, the disadvantages of this distribution are also adopted, so it is necessary to implement continuous improvement strategies to reduce these disadvantages, obtaining as the main benefit an increase in the productivity of the company. Therefore, the objective of this research is to propose a strategy that serves as a reference for other cases on how to carry out continuous improvement projects following the PDCA methodology in a fixed position plant, in this case the application was made in the company Resemin SA. To carry out the above, continuous improvement tools are applied such as: the analysis of the 5 whys, Ishikawa diagram, Process Analytical Diagram (DAP), 5W 2H, among others. Then, the analysis and diagnosis of the initial situation of the company in the case study was developed, through the production reports and results of the analysis of a time study carried out, discovering the opportunities for improvement that can be carried out and their direct interference to the assembly time of the equipment offered. Then, the activities carried out according to the diagnosis carried out are described, highlighting the opportunities detected through the PLAN phase of the methodology. Finally, the activities associated with measuring, standardizing and documenting are carried out, this being the last phase of the methodology. An estimate of the result of the project was made, which indicates the following data: Net present value (NPV) of S/. 2,964,471 and an internal rate of return (IRR) of 285 % higher than the proposed interest rate (12%), indicating that the project is profitable.
The current research work called "Design of continuous improvement strategy based on the PDCA methodology to increase productivity in a fixed position assembly plant of heavy machinery" was carried out with an application case in the company Resemin S.A. due to the need to increase its productivity. Normally, those in charge of managing companies do not choose a fixed-position layout, this ends up being adopted due to the nature of the operations. Therefore, the disadvantages of this distribution are also adopted, so it is necessary to implement continuous improvement strategies to reduce these disadvantages, obtaining as the main benefit an increase in the productivity of the company. Therefore, the objective of this research is to propose a strategy that serves as a reference for other cases on how to carry out continuous improvement projects following the PDCA methodology in a fixed position plant, in this case the application was made in the company Resemin SA. To carry out the above, continuous improvement tools are applied such as: the analysis of the 5 whys, Ishikawa diagram, Process Analytical Diagram (DAP), 5W 2H, among others. Then, the analysis and diagnosis of the initial situation of the company in the case study was developed, through the production reports and results of the analysis of a time study carried out, discovering the opportunities for improvement that can be carried out and their direct interference to the assembly time of the equipment offered. Then, the activities carried out according to the diagnosis carried out are described, highlighting the opportunities detected through the PLAN phase of the methodology. Finally, the activities associated with measuring, standardizing and documenting are carried out, this being the last phase of the methodology. An estimate of the result of the project was made, which indicates the following data: Net present value (NPV) of S/. 2,964,471 and an internal rate of return (IRR) of 285 % higher than the proposed interest rate (12%), indicating that the project is profitable.
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Productividad--Mejoramiento, Control de procesos--Mejoramiento, Distribución en planta
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