Movilización de los conocimientos previos requeridos para el tratamiento de la probabilidad condicional en el cuarto grado de educación secundaria básica
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2015-11-23
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El presente trabajo propone una secuencia de actividades orientadas a superar las
dificultades que presentan los estudiantes del cuarto grado de secundaria pertenecientes a la
Educación Básica Regular en la movilización de los conocimientos previos requeridos para
el tratamiento de la probabilidad condicional, como son: situación de incertidumbre,
espacio muestral y cálculo de probabilidad. El Enfoque Ontosemiótico de la Cognición e
Instrucción Matemática (EOS), propuesto por Godino y colaboradores constituyó el marco
teórico para la implementación de la secuencia de actividades, pues este enfoque es
propicio para el tratamiento didáctico de las dificultades en el conocimiento de los objetos
matemáticos. En la presente investigación, donde empleamos el método cualitativo, se
corroboró mediante una prueba diagnóstica la existencia de dificultades en el conocimiento
de los conceptos previos requeridos para el tratamiento de probabilidad condicional. Estos
conocimientos están referidos a situación de incertidumbre, espacio muestral, y cálculo de
probabilidad. La implementación de la secuencia de actividades bajo el enfoque del EOS,
permitió movilizar los conocimientos previos requeridos para construir el concepto de
probabilidad condicional, donde las situaciones contextualizadas facilitaron dicha
movilización.
This work shows a proposal on a sequence of activities aimed at overcoming the difficulties that students present the fourth degree of secondary belonging to the Regular Basic Education in the mobilization of the previous knowledge required for the treatment of the conditional probability. The existing difficulties in students were corroborated with a diagnostic test. The approach Ontosemiotic formed the theoretical framework for the implementation of the sequence of activities aimed at facilitating the mobilization of prior knowledge to conditional probability as required are: Situation of uncertainty, sample space and calculation of probability. The approach of Ontosemiotic cognition and instruction Mathematics (EOS), proposed by Godino and collaborators, constitutes a supportive approach to teaching the treatment of the difficulties in knowledge of the mathematical objects. In the present investigation, where we use the qualitative method, it was confirmed by a diagnostic test the existence of difficulties in the knowledge of the previous concepts required for the treatment of conditional probability. These skills are referred to situation of uncertainty, sample space, and calculation of probability. It was proved that a sequence of activities implemented under the approach of the EOS allows you to mobilize the previous knowledge required to build the concept of conditional probability, where the contextualized situations provided this mobilization.
This work shows a proposal on a sequence of activities aimed at overcoming the difficulties that students present the fourth degree of secondary belonging to the Regular Basic Education in the mobilization of the previous knowledge required for the treatment of the conditional probability. The existing difficulties in students were corroborated with a diagnostic test. The approach Ontosemiotic formed the theoretical framework for the implementation of the sequence of activities aimed at facilitating the mobilization of prior knowledge to conditional probability as required are: Situation of uncertainty, sample space and calculation of probability. The approach of Ontosemiotic cognition and instruction Mathematics (EOS), proposed by Godino and collaborators, constitutes a supportive approach to teaching the treatment of the difficulties in knowledge of the mathematical objects. In the present investigation, where we use the qualitative method, it was confirmed by a diagnostic test the existence of difficulties in the knowledge of the previous concepts required for the treatment of conditional probability. These skills are referred to situation of uncertainty, sample space, and calculation of probability. It was proved that a sequence of activities implemented under the approach of the EOS allows you to mobilize the previous knowledge required to build the concept of conditional probability, where the contextualized situations provided this mobilization.
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Matemáticas--Estudio y enseñanza (Secundaria)
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