Impacto del cambio climático en las empresas de gran minería productoras de cobre en el Perú
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2021-03-14
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El cambio climático es un problema global que genera incertidumbre sobre sus efectos,
impactando transversalmente en las actividades económicas. En tal sentido, el
problema de investigación, ha sido analizar el impacto del cambio climático en las
empresas de gran minería de Cobre en el Perú, ubicadas en la vertiente del Pacifico,
debido a que es una zona altamente vulnerable porque solo dispone del 2,2% de agua
y alberga al 66% de la población, en consecuencia, uno de los efectos está asociado a
la disponibilidad hídrica; y podría derivar en potenciales conflictos sociales por la calidad,
cantidad u oportunidad del recurso hídrico. El objetivo principal del trabajo de
investigación, sirvió para identificar las medidas que vienen implementando las
empresas para enfrentar las consecuencias negativas del cambio climático relacionado
a la disponibilidad hídrica.
La metodología utilizada ha sido la Cualitativa y se realizó un análisis de casos de dos
empresas de gran minería productoras de Cobre en el Perú localizadas en la vertiente
del Pacífico, como son Sociedad Minera Cerro Verde S.A.A. y Southern Copper
Corporation.
Como resultado de la investigación, las empresas como parte de su gobierno corporativo
y políticas empresariales vienen implementando las siguientes medidas: cambio
tecnológico en los principales procesos productivos, eficiencia hídrica (promoción del
reúso y reutilización del agua), promoción de la eficiencia energética renovable e
identificación de vulnerabilidades para crear planes de contingencia para enfrentar
eventos climáticos extremos. Asimismo, son miembros activos de organizaciones
internacionales y nacionales que promueven una industria sostenible y con los mejores
estándares a nivel mundial, que hacen seguimiento al desempeño ambiental / social de
la empresa y al desarrollo sostenible de la misma.
Climate change is a global problem that generates uncertainty about its effects, impacting across economic activities. In this sense, the research problem has been to analyze the impact of climate change on large copper mining companies in Peru, located on the Pacific side, because it is a highly vulnerable area because it only has 2, 2% of water and houses 66% of the population, consequently, one of the effects is associated with water availability; and it could lead to potential social conflicts due to the quality, quantity or opportunity of the water resource. The main objective of the research work was to identify the measures that companies have been implementing to face the negative consequences of climate change related to water availability. The methodology used has been Qualitative and a case analysis was carried out of two large copper-producing mining companies in Peru located on the Pacific side, such as Sociedad Minera Cerro Verde S.A.A. and Southern Copper Corporation. As a result of the research, companies as part of their corporate governance and business policies have been implementing the following measures: technological change in the main production processes, water efficiency (promotion of reuse and reuse of water), promotion of renewable energy efficiency and Identification of vulnerabilities to create contingency plans to face extreme weather events. They are also active members of international and national organizations that promote a sustainable industry and with the best standards worldwide, which monitor the environmental / social performance of the company and its sustainable development.
Climate change is a global problem that generates uncertainty about its effects, impacting across economic activities. In this sense, the research problem has been to analyze the impact of climate change on large copper mining companies in Peru, located on the Pacific side, because it is a highly vulnerable area because it only has 2, 2% of water and houses 66% of the population, consequently, one of the effects is associated with water availability; and it could lead to potential social conflicts due to the quality, quantity or opportunity of the water resource. The main objective of the research work was to identify the measures that companies have been implementing to face the negative consequences of climate change related to water availability. The methodology used has been Qualitative and a case analysis was carried out of two large copper-producing mining companies in Peru located on the Pacific side, such as Sociedad Minera Cerro Verde S.A.A. and Southern Copper Corporation. As a result of the research, companies as part of their corporate governance and business policies have been implementing the following measures: technological change in the main production processes, water efficiency (promotion of reuse and reuse of water), promotion of renewable energy efficiency and Identification of vulnerabilities to create contingency plans to face extreme weather events. They are also active members of international and national organizations that promote a sustainable industry and with the best standards worldwide, which monitor the environmental / social performance of the company and its sustainable development.
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Cambio climático-- Perú--Aspectos ambientales, Empresas mineras--Aspectos ambientales--Perú, Industria minera--Aspectos ambientales--Perú