Estudio de caso de una niña de 5 años, 1 mes con trastorno fonológico
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2021-06-04
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El ser humano nace con la capacidad de adquirir el lenguaje para comunicarse a través de la evolución del
mismo en sus dimensiones de forma, contenido y uso; sin embargo, no todas las personas desarrollan su habla
y su lenguaje de manera adecuada. Por lo tanto, la detección temprana de las dificultades del lenguaje es
fundamental para poder intervenir oportunamente a través de estrategias favorables con el fin de evitar
impactos en edades posteriores.
El objetivo del estudio de caso es diseñar un plan de evaluación e intervención conforme a las necesidades
que presenta una niña de 5 años y 1 mes con dificultades en los componentes fonéticos fonológicos, léxico
semántico y en el discurso. Los resultados del caso evidencian progreso en el componente fonético fonológico,
particularmente en el subcontenido de la estructura de la sílaba y la palabra, puesto que logró identificar y
verbalizar palabras de 3 y 4 sílabas; sin embargo, aún está en nivel de proceso en lo referente a sustituciones,
específicamente en la verbalización del fonema /j/ por /s/. En el componente léxico semántico, en el contenido
de seguimiento de instrucciones, logró ejecutar órdenes simples de una acción más dos y tres 3 elementos,
así como la ejecución de órdenes encadenadas con nociones de ubicación (dentro, al lado de, entre y delante
de) y en el discurso narrativo, presentó mejoras en la organización de sus relatos por medio del uso de guiones
apoyado en secuencias de 3 y 4 imágenes. Con lo anteriormente explicado, se concluye que el plan de
intervención elaborado y aplicado a la niña permitió lograr avances en los componentes fonéticos fonológicos,
léxico semántico y en el discurso.
The human being is born with the ability to acquire the languague to communicate throught its evolution. Its dimensions of form, content and usage. However, some people dont´ develop is why speech and language approppiately. This early detection of language difficulties is essential to be able to intervene in a timely manner trough favorable strategies in order to avoid impacts in later age. The objetive of this case study is to design an evaluation and intervention plan according to the nees of a five year-and one -month old girl with difficulties in phonological phonetic components, semantic, lexicón and speech The results of the case study demostrate progress in the phonological phonetic component , particularly in the sub-content of the structured of the syllable and the word, since she could identify and verbalize words of three and four syllables, but still was processing how to replace the phoneme /j/ for the /s/.In the semantic lexical component, following directions, she managed, to execute simple orders, that involved one action plus two or three elements, as well as execute chained orders with notions of location (inside, nex to, between, and in front of)In the narrative discourse, she improvided in the organization of her stories through the use of scripts, supported by sequences of three and four images.With the previously presented data it is concluded that the intervention plan developed and applied to the girl made possible to achieve advances in the phonetic, phonological semantic lexicon and speech components.
The human being is born with the ability to acquire the languague to communicate throught its evolution. Its dimensions of form, content and usage. However, some people dont´ develop is why speech and language approppiately. This early detection of language difficulties is essential to be able to intervene in a timely manner trough favorable strategies in order to avoid impacts in later age. The objetive of this case study is to design an evaluation and intervention plan according to the nees of a five year-and one -month old girl with difficulties in phonological phonetic components, semantic, lexicón and speech The results of the case study demostrate progress in the phonological phonetic component , particularly in the sub-content of the structured of the syllable and the word, since she could identify and verbalize words of three and four syllables, but still was processing how to replace the phoneme /j/ for the /s/.In the semantic lexical component, following directions, she managed, to execute simple orders, that involved one action plus two or three elements, as well as execute chained orders with notions of location (inside, nex to, between, and in front of)In the narrative discourse, she improvided in the organization of her stories through the use of scripts, supported by sequences of three and four images.With the previously presented data it is concluded that the intervention plan developed and applied to the girl made possible to achieve advances in the phonetic, phonological semantic lexicon and speech components.
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Transtornos de habla en niños--Evaluación--Estudio de casos, Niños--Lenguaje, Trastornos del aprendizaje (Educación)