Comprensión inferencial y metacognición de la lectura en estudiantes de secundaria
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2024-09-10
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación estudia la comprensión inferencial según diversos
tipos de inferencias y diferentes tipos de texto, así como su relación con la conciencia
metacognitiva en estrategias de lectura. Participaron estudiantes de tercero y quinto de
secundaria (N = 205) de tres instituciones educativas privadas de diferente nivel
socioeconómico de Lima Metropolitana. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo correlacional
empleando el Test de Comprensión Inferencial (TECOLEIN) y el Metacognitive
Awarenses of Reading Strategies Inventory (MARSI). Los resultados arrojaron
mayores niveles de desempeño para las inferencias referenciales y los textos narrativos,
mientras que las inferencias temáticas y el texto no narrativo puntuaron más bajo.
Asimismo, se concluyó que el desempeño en comprensión inferencial es mejor
conforme se avanza en los grados de estudio y si el contexto socioeconómico es más
ventajoso; por el contrario, no se hallaron diferencias significativas en la conciencia
metacognitiva en estrategias de lectura según el grado o la institución educativa.
Adicionalmente, se concluyó que el uso de estrategias de lectura relacionadas con el
control metacognitivo sí explica la comprensión inferencial; por el contrario, el uso de
estrategias de apoyo correlaciona negativamente con ella. Este resultado marca una
direccionalidad y revela que el uso de estrategias metacognitivas es un factor que hay
que atender como complemento de otros factores asociados a la comprensión lectora.
The present research studies inferential comprehension according to different types of inferences and different types of text, as well as its relationship with metacognitive awareness in reading strategies. Third and fifth year high school students (N = 205) from three private educational institutions of different socioeconomic levels in Metropolitan Lima participated in the study. A descriptive correlational study was conducted using the Test of Inferential Comprehension (TECOLEIN) and the Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies Inventory (MARSI). The results showed higher levels of performance for referential inferences and narrative texts, while thematic inferences and non-narrative text scored lower. Likewise, it was concluded that performance in inferential comprehension is better as grade level increases and if the socioeconomic context is more advantageous; on the contrary, no significant differences were found in metacognitive awareness in reading strategies according to grade level or educational institution. Additionally, it was concluded that the use of reading strategies related to metacognitive control does explain inferential comprehension; on the contrary, the use of support strategies correlates negatively with it. This result marks a directionality and reveals that the use of metacognitive strategies is a factor that needs to be addressed as a complement to other factors associated with reading comprehension.
The present research studies inferential comprehension according to different types of inferences and different types of text, as well as its relationship with metacognitive awareness in reading strategies. Third and fifth year high school students (N = 205) from three private educational institutions of different socioeconomic levels in Metropolitan Lima participated in the study. A descriptive correlational study was conducted using the Test of Inferential Comprehension (TECOLEIN) and the Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies Inventory (MARSI). The results showed higher levels of performance for referential inferences and narrative texts, while thematic inferences and non-narrative text scored lower. Likewise, it was concluded that performance in inferential comprehension is better as grade level increases and if the socioeconomic context is more advantageous; on the contrary, no significant differences were found in metacognitive awareness in reading strategies according to grade level or educational institution. Additionally, it was concluded that the use of reading strategies related to metacognitive control does explain inferential comprehension; on the contrary, the use of support strategies correlates negatively with it. This result marks a directionality and reveals that the use of metacognitive strategies is a factor that needs to be addressed as a complement to other factors associated with reading comprehension.
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Comprensión de lectura--Estudio y enseñanza (Secundaria)--Perú--Lima, Personal docente--Formación profesional, Educación secundaria--Investigaciones, Innovaciones educativas--Investigaciones--Perú
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