Estimulación de la capacidad de crear problemas sobre sistemas de inecuaciones lineales con dos incógnitas. Un estudio de caso en un grupo de docentes de matemática de los primeros ciclos de educación superior
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2018-06-19
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación, es un estudio de caso que tiene por objetivo general analizar
cómo la estrategia Episodio, Problema pre, Problema pos (EPP) de Malaspina estimula la
capacidad de crear problemas por variación, sobre sistemas de inecuaciones lineales con
dos incógnitas en un grupo de docentes de matemática de los primeros ciclos de educación
superior. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se implementó un taller de creación de problemas
en la Universidad Privada del Norte, en tres sesiones de tres horas con diez minutos cada
una. Se presenta información sobre la planificación, la parte experimental y el análisis de
los resultados de este taller que consideró como sujetos de estudio a los dos docentes de
matemática asistentes a toda la secuencia de actividades propuesta. Para evaluar los
problemas creados, se utilizó una rúbrica diseñada teniendo en cuenta su flexibilidad,
originalidad y fluidez, como lo sugiere Malaspina. Para conocer las dificultades que
tuvieron los sujetos de estudio al crear problemas se les entrevistó a la luz de la creación
de problemas desde la perspectiva del modelamiento de Hansen y Hana. Para identificar
sus cambios en la capacidad para crear problemas por variación, se examinó
comparativamente los resultados del análisis realizado usando las rúbricas de la prueba
exploratoria inicial (antes del taller de creación de problemas) y la prueba exploratoria
final (después del taller de creación de problemas). Según estos resultados, se lograron
cambios favorables en los problemas creados por los sujetos de estudio, lo cual fue
respaldado por sus respuestas a un cuestionario de salida. Lo anteriormente mencionado
permite concluir que la aplicación de la estrategia EPP ha logrado estimular la capacidad
de crear problemas por variación sobre sistemas de inecuaciones lineales con dos
incógnitas en los sujetos de estudio de esta investigación.
The current research is a case study whose general objective is to analyze how the strategy Episode, Pre problem, Pos problem (EPP) proposed by Malaspina stimulates the capacity of problem posing by variation, about systems of linear inequalities with two variables in a group of mathematics teachers of the first cycles at higher education. To achieve this objective, a problem posing workshop was developed at the Private University of the North. This workshop was developed during three sessions of three hours and ten minutes each. This research exhibits information related to planning, experimental part and analysis of results from the problem posing workshop. We selected two mathematics teachers that participated in all activities sequence from the workshop as the study subjects. In order to evaluate its flexibility, originality and fluency as Malaspina suggests, an evaluation rubric was applied to the created problems. Also, to learn about the difficulties of the study subjects during problem posing, they were interviewed with questions focused on problem posing from a modelling perspective by Hansen & Hana. To identify their changes in capacity of problem posing by variation, the results of the analysis performed using rubrics of the initial exploratory test (before the workshop) and the final exploratory test (after the workshop) were examined comparatively. From the results we could conclude that some positive changes were achieved in study subjects´ created problems, it was supported by their answers to an exit questionnaire. The mentioned allows us to conclude that the application of the EPP strategy has stimulated the capacity to create problems by variation, about systems of linear inequalities with two variables in the study subjects of this research.
The current research is a case study whose general objective is to analyze how the strategy Episode, Pre problem, Pos problem (EPP) proposed by Malaspina stimulates the capacity of problem posing by variation, about systems of linear inequalities with two variables in a group of mathematics teachers of the first cycles at higher education. To achieve this objective, a problem posing workshop was developed at the Private University of the North. This workshop was developed during three sessions of three hours and ten minutes each. This research exhibits information related to planning, experimental part and analysis of results from the problem posing workshop. We selected two mathematics teachers that participated in all activities sequence from the workshop as the study subjects. In order to evaluate its flexibility, originality and fluency as Malaspina suggests, an evaluation rubric was applied to the created problems. Also, to learn about the difficulties of the study subjects during problem posing, they were interviewed with questions focused on problem posing from a modelling perspective by Hansen & Hana. To identify their changes in capacity of problem posing by variation, the results of the analysis performed using rubrics of the initial exploratory test (before the workshop) and the final exploratory test (after the workshop) were examined comparatively. From the results we could conclude that some positive changes were achieved in study subjects´ created problems, it was supported by their answers to an exit questionnaire. The mentioned allows us to conclude that the application of the EPP strategy has stimulated the capacity to create problems by variation, about systems of linear inequalities with two variables in the study subjects of this research.
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Matemáticas--Estudio y enseñanza, Métodos de enseñanza, Formación profesional de maestros, Aptitud creadora (Educación)
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