Impacto del vocabulario en los predictores de la lectura en niños de primer grado de primaria del distrito de Los Olivos
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Date
2021-09-01
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación titulada “Impacto del vocabulario en los predictores de la
lectura en niños de primer grado de primaria del distrito de Los Olivos” tuvo por
objetivo determinar la relación entre el vocabulario y los predictores de la lectura
(velocidad de denominación, conocimiento fonológico y conocimiento alfabético)
en estudiantes de primer grado de primaria del distrito de Los Olivos. El enfoque
de investigación es el cuantitativo, de tipo aplicada y con diseño descriptivo
correlacional. En el proceso de la medición de las variables se utilizaron los
siguientes instrumentos: Test de Vocabulario en Imágenes Peabody (vocabulario
comprensivo), Test de Figura/Palabra Expresivo y Receptivo de Gardner
(vocabulario expresivo), Test para la Evaluación del Conocimiento Fonológico
(conocimiento fonológico), Cuaderno de Evaluación Inicial ALE 1 (velocidad de
denominación) y Test de Lectura y Escritura en Español - LEE (conocimiento
alfabético). Los resultados indican que existe relación directa y significativa entre
el vocabulario comprensivo y expresivo con cada uno de los predictores de la
lectura: con el conocimiento fonológico (X2 = 116,456; X2 =98,628), la velocidad
de denominación (X2 =113,422; X2 =97,695) y el conocimiento alfabético (X2
=84,333; X2 =62,120), con nivel de significación de p<0,01. En conclusión, el
vocabulario tiene un impacto significativo en cada uno de los predictores de la
lectura en los niños de la muestra investigada.
This research entitled “Impact of vocabulary on predictors of reading in first grade primary school children of the Los Olivos district” aimed to determine the relationship between vocabulary and predictors of reading (naming speed, phonological knowledge and alphabetical knowledge) in first grade elementary students of the Los Olivos district. The research approach is quantitative, applied type and correlational descriptive design. The following instruments were used in the process of measuring the variables: Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (comprehensive vocabulary), Gardner's Expressive and Receptive Figure/Word Test (expressive vocabulary), Test for the Assessment of Phonological Knowledge (phonological knowledge), ALE 1 Initial Assessment Notebook (denomination speed) and LEE - Reading and Writing in Spanish Test (alphabetical knowledge). The results indicate that there is a direct and significant relationship between the comprehensive and expressive vocabulary with each of the predictors of the reading: with phonological knowledge (X2 = 116,456; X2 = 98,628), the naming speed (X2 = 113,422; X2 = 97,695), and alphabetic knowledge (X2 = 84,333; X2 = 62,120), with a significance level of p <0.01. In conclusion, vocabulary has a significant impact on each of the predictors of reading in children of the investigated sample.
This research entitled “Impact of vocabulary on predictors of reading in first grade primary school children of the Los Olivos district” aimed to determine the relationship between vocabulary and predictors of reading (naming speed, phonological knowledge and alphabetical knowledge) in first grade elementary students of the Los Olivos district. The research approach is quantitative, applied type and correlational descriptive design. The following instruments were used in the process of measuring the variables: Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (comprehensive vocabulary), Gardner's Expressive and Receptive Figure/Word Test (expressive vocabulary), Test for the Assessment of Phonological Knowledge (phonological knowledge), ALE 1 Initial Assessment Notebook (denomination speed) and LEE - Reading and Writing in Spanish Test (alphabetical knowledge). The results indicate that there is a direct and significant relationship between the comprehensive and expressive vocabulary with each of the predictors of the reading: with phonological knowledge (X2 = 116,456; X2 = 98,628), the naming speed (X2 = 113,422; X2 = 97,695), and alphabetic knowledge (X2 = 84,333; X2 = 62,120), with a significance level of p <0.01. In conclusion, vocabulary has a significant impact on each of the predictors of reading in children of the investigated sample.
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Keywords
Niños--Lenguaje, Lectura--Estudio y enseñanza (Primaria), Fonología, Educación primaria--Perú--Los Olivos (Lima : Distrito)
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