Estado del arte sobre la interculturalidad y la práctica educativa en comunidades indígenas latinoamericanas
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Fecha
2023-10-30
Autores
Ramirez Correa, Tania Nicole
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Cada comunidad indígena presenta una cultura tan distintiva, que involucra desde la cosmovisión de la vida hasta las necesidades inmediatas de las mismas. Tales características las hacen muy diferentes entre sí, en especial, entre la cultura dominante que plantea una educación formal nacional. Por ello, es necesario incluir el contexto y la cultura propia del educando en su educación, para que el docente desarrolle adaptaciones y metodologías educativas necesarias que no entren en contradicción con las ideas previas de los alumnos, sino que se apoye una cultura con la otra. Por consiguiente, este artículo presenta una revisión documental de distintas experiencias de prácticas educativas interculturales en comunidades indígenas de Latinoamérica, con el fin de identificar los procesos y lineamientos necesarios para su planteamiento y aplicación. Las fuentes, en su mayoría artículos académicos, son de los últimos diez años. En la búsqueda, se encontraron distintos elementos que influyen sobre si el labor docente contribuye al objetivo; desde su propia concepción de la interculturalidad, su disposición a la construcción de un diálogo, y su dedicación a abordar los temas y/o procesos ideales para el enfoque intercultural educativo. Estos conllevan, desde profundizar el conocimiento del propio pueblo, la comparación de este conocimiento con otros saberes distintos, y el de la interacción activa de ambos saberes. Asimismo, en las reflexiones finales, se hace notar la necesidad de estudiar de forma holística las prácticas educativas realizadas en las comunidades indígenas, de manera que sean lo más completas posibles para brindar una educación de calidad.
Each indigenous community presents such a distinctive culture, which involves everything from the worldview of life to their immediate needs. Such characteristics make them very different from each other, especially between the dominant culture posed by national formal education. Therefore, it is necessary to include the context and the culture of the student in their education, so the teacher develops adaptations and necessary educational methodologies that do not contradict the previous ideas of the students, but rather support one culture with the other. Consequently, this article presents a documentary review of different experiences of intercultural educational practices in indigenous communities in Latin America, in order to identify the necessary processes and guidelines for their approach and application. The sources, mostly academic articles, are from the last ten years. In the search, different elements were found that can influence whether the teaching work contributes to the objective, from their own conception of interculturality, their willingness to build a dialogue, and their dedication to addressing the ideal themes and processes for the intercultural educational approach. These involve, from deepening the knowledge of the local people, the comparison of this knowledge with other learnings, and the active interaction of both knowledge. Likewise, in the final reflections, the need to holistically study the educational practices carried out in indigenous communities is noted, so that they are as complete as possible to provide high quality education.
Each indigenous community presents such a distinctive culture, which involves everything from the worldview of life to their immediate needs. Such characteristics make them very different from each other, especially between the dominant culture posed by national formal education. Therefore, it is necessary to include the context and the culture of the student in their education, so the teacher develops adaptations and necessary educational methodologies that do not contradict the previous ideas of the students, but rather support one culture with the other. Consequently, this article presents a documentary review of different experiences of intercultural educational practices in indigenous communities in Latin America, in order to identify the necessary processes and guidelines for their approach and application. The sources, mostly academic articles, are from the last ten years. In the search, different elements were found that can influence whether the teaching work contributes to the objective, from their own conception of interculturality, their willingness to build a dialogue, and their dedication to addressing the ideal themes and processes for the intercultural educational approach. These involve, from deepening the knowledge of the local people, the comparison of this knowledge with other learnings, and the active interaction of both knowledge. Likewise, in the final reflections, the need to holistically study the educational practices carried out in indigenous communities is noted, so that they are as complete as possible to provide high quality education.
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Comunidades nativas--América Latina, Educación intercultural--América Latina, Educación--América Latina
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Excepto se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este artículo se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess