Estudios sobre factores psicosociales que influyen en las actitudes hacia la corrupción y en las intenciones de cometer actos corruptos en estudiantes y egresados universitarios peruanos
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2022-10-11
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente tesis analizó la influencia de factores societales e individuales en las
actitudes e intenciones hacia la conducta corrupta en dos muestras de estudiantes y egresados
de universidades públicas y privadas del Perú. Se utilizó un enfoque de investigación mixto
secuencial exploratorio: el primer estudio de tipo cualitativo exploró las concepciones y
características asociadas a la corrupción e identificó las actitudes e intenciones que conducen
hacia acciones corruptas. El segundo estudio de tipo cuantitativo analizó la influencia de la
percepción del sistema normativo y político, la ideología política y los rasgos de la personalidad
oscura sobre las intenciones hacia la conducta corrupta. Del primer estudio, tres concepciones
de la corrupción emergieron: la corrupción cultural de mayor complejidad y de la que deriva
la corrupción directa y la corrupción estructural. Si bien se evidencian actitudes de rechazo
hacia la corrupción, surge la figura de Robin Hood como un matiz positivo hacia la corrupción
en situaciones injustas o necesarias. Del segundo estudio, luego de la validación de la Escala
de Intenciones hacia la conducta corrupta -construida a partir de la literatura y los hallazgos del
primer estudio-, se determinó con la aplicación de un análisis de caminos que la Propensión a
la corrupción sería influenciada por el RWA, el Maquiavelismo, la Psicopatía, la Transgresión,
la Debilidad Normativa, la Laxitud Moral Política y la Ineficacia del Sistema Político; mientras
que la Propensión a la anticorrupción estaría influenciada por la Posibilidad de Cambio del
Sistema Político. Se discute la complejidad de la corrupción en contextos como el peruano.
The present study analyzed the influence of societal and individual factors on attitudes and intentions towards corrupt behavior in two samples of students and graduates of public and private universities in Peru. An exploratory sequential mixed research approach was used: the first qualitative study explored the conceptions and characteristics associated with corruption and identified the attitudes and intentions that do lead to corrupt actions. The second quantitative study analyzed the influence of the perception of the normative and political system, political ideology, and dark personality traits on intentions towards corrupt behavior. From the first study, three conceptions of corruption emerged: cultural corruption of greater complexity and from which direct corruption and structural corruption derive. Although attitudes of rejection towards corruption are evident, the figure of Robin Hood emerges as a positive nuance towards corruption in unjust or necessary situations. From the second study, after the validation of the Scale of Intentions towards Corrupt Behavior -constructed from the literature and the findings of the first study-, it was determined with the application of a path analysis that the Propensity to corruption would be influenced by RWA, Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, Transgression, Normative Weakness, Political Moral Laxity and Ineffectiveness of the Political System; while the Propensity to anti-corruption would be influenced by the Possibility of Change of the Political System. The complexity of corruption in contexts such as Peru one is discussed.
The present study analyzed the influence of societal and individual factors on attitudes and intentions towards corrupt behavior in two samples of students and graduates of public and private universities in Peru. An exploratory sequential mixed research approach was used: the first qualitative study explored the conceptions and characteristics associated with corruption and identified the attitudes and intentions that do lead to corrupt actions. The second quantitative study analyzed the influence of the perception of the normative and political system, political ideology, and dark personality traits on intentions towards corrupt behavior. From the first study, three conceptions of corruption emerged: cultural corruption of greater complexity and from which direct corruption and structural corruption derive. Although attitudes of rejection towards corruption are evident, the figure of Robin Hood emerges as a positive nuance towards corruption in unjust or necessary situations. From the second study, after the validation of the Scale of Intentions towards Corrupt Behavior -constructed from the literature and the findings of the first study-, it was determined with the application of a path analysis that the Propensity to corruption would be influenced by RWA, Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, Transgression, Normative Weakness, Political Moral Laxity and Ineffectiveness of the Political System; while the Propensity to anti-corruption would be influenced by the Possibility of Change of the Political System. The complexity of corruption in contexts such as Peru one is discussed.
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Estudiantes universitarios--Prácticas corruptas--Investigaciones, Egresados--Prácticas corruptas--Investigaciones, Sociedad--Normas
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