Percepciones de estudiantes de secundaria sobre los efectos de la pandemia en su desarrollo socioemocional y rendimiento académico
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2022-07-08
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar las percepciones de un grupo
de adolescentes, estudiantes de secundaria de una escuela privada
norteamericana, sobre los efectos de la pandemia en su desarrollo socioemocional
y rendimiento académico.
Como parte del desarrollo socioemocional se indagó sobre los efectos de la
pandemia en el manejo del estrés, las relaciones interpersonales, la empatía y el
optimismo. En la categoría rendimiento académico, se investigó sobre los efectos
de la pandemia en los logros de aprendizaje, el aprendizaje autónomo, la
motivación intrínseca, extrínseca y la participación del estudiante.
El enfoque del estudio realizado es cualitativo y descriptivo. El método
corresponde al estudio de caso pues se analizan las particularidades de los
informantes sobre sus percepciones respecto a los efectos de la pandemia en su
desarrollo socioemocional y rendimiento académico. Para ello se realizaron
entrevistas individuales a partir de una guía semiestructurada. Las conversaciones
fueron grabadas, transcritas y organizadas en matrices para efectuar el open coding
y axial coding con los elementos emergentes.
Los resultados obtenidos indican percepción de efectos negativos,
producidos por la pandemia en el desarrollo socioemocional, tales como estrés por
la falta de contacto con sus pares, sentimientos de miedo y preocupación,
relaciones con docentes y pares interrumpidas, así como una visión incierta del
futuro en general. En cuanto al rendimiento académico, los efectos negativos
percibidos se vinculan con la disonancia entre el aprendizaje logrado y las
calificaciones obtenidas, una baja motivación —principalmente extrínseca—, así
como un declive del nivel de participación en las clases virtuales. Como efectos
positivos en el desarrollo socioemocional producidos por la pandemia, los
estudiantes percibieron acercamiento familiar, desarrollo de la empatía y optimismo
en el futuro personal. En el rendimiento académico, se reportó mejora de
calificaciones, promoción del aprendizaje autónomo e incremento en la
participación en actividades al aire libre.
This research study aims to analyze the perceptions of a group of adolescents, high school students from a U.S. private school, about the effects of the pandemic on their social-emotional development and academic performance. Within the socioemotional development category, the effects in stress management, interpersonal relationships, empathy, and optimism were explored. Within the academic achievement category, the effects on the achievement of their learning goals, autonomous learning, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and student engagement were examined. The present study is qualitative and descriptive. The single case method was used since it analyzes the particularities of a group of informants regarding the effects of the pandemic in their socioemotional development and their academic achievement. Individual semi-structured interviews accompanied by a question guide were conducted to gather the data. The conversations were recorded, transcribed, and later the data was organized in a matrix to conduct open and axial coding to the emergent elements. The results indicate the perception of negative effects caused by the pandemic on their socio-emotional development, such as stress due to the lack of contact with peers, feelings of fear and worry, friend and teacher relationships disrupted, and a vision of an uncertain future in general. Regarding academic performance, the negative effects found were related to the dissonance between the learning achieved and the grades received, low motivation —mainly extrinsic—, as well as a decline in participation levels in online classes. Among the positive effects caused by the pandemic in socioemotional development, students perceived closer family relationships, empathy development, and optimism in the personal future. In the academic performance, an improvement in grades, promotion of autonomous learning, and an increase of participation in outdoor activities were reported.
This research study aims to analyze the perceptions of a group of adolescents, high school students from a U.S. private school, about the effects of the pandemic on their social-emotional development and academic performance. Within the socioemotional development category, the effects in stress management, interpersonal relationships, empathy, and optimism were explored. Within the academic achievement category, the effects on the achievement of their learning goals, autonomous learning, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and student engagement were examined. The present study is qualitative and descriptive. The single case method was used since it analyzes the particularities of a group of informants regarding the effects of the pandemic in their socioemotional development and their academic achievement. Individual semi-structured interviews accompanied by a question guide were conducted to gather the data. The conversations were recorded, transcribed, and later the data was organized in a matrix to conduct open and axial coding to the emergent elements. The results indicate the perception of negative effects caused by the pandemic on their socio-emotional development, such as stress due to the lack of contact with peers, feelings of fear and worry, friend and teacher relationships disrupted, and a vision of an uncertain future in general. Regarding academic performance, the negative effects found were related to the dissonance between the learning achieved and the grades received, low motivation —mainly extrinsic—, as well as a decline in participation levels in online classes. Among the positive effects caused by the pandemic in socioemotional development, students perceived closer family relationships, empathy development, and optimism in the personal future. In the academic performance, an improvement in grades, promotion of autonomous learning, and an increase of participation in outdoor activities were reported.
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Educación secundaria--Estados Unidos--Investigaciones, COVID-19 (Enfermedad)--Aspectos psicológicos, Emociones y cognición, Rendimiento académico
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