El capacitismo en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional peruano
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Date
2022-03-22
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Este ensayo busca identificar la permanencia de la ideología capacitista en el razonamiento
del Tribunal Constitucional peruano a partir del análisis de cuatro sentencias que versan sobre
las personas con discapacidad psicosocial y la restricción de su libertad. A partir de las
obligaciones que establece la Convención sobre los derechos de las personas con
discapacidad de las Naciones Unidas respecto a la igualdad y autonomía de las personas con
discapacidad, hacemos un análisis de cómo a través del razonamiento del Tribunal
Constitucional, si bien estas obligaciones han sido adaptadas de manera normativa, aún
persiste un sesgo capacitista que pone en una situación de desventaja a las personas con
discapacidad. El reconocimiento de la capacidad jurídica de las personas con discapacidad
no solo responde a un cambio normativo ya que su negación significa que las personas con
discapacidad no pueden ejercer sus demás derechos fundamentales en igualdad de
condiciones. Consideramos importante este ensayo porque la lucha por el reconocimiento de
los derechos de las personas con discapacidad está aún vigente y requiere no solo de avances
legales sino también sociales.
This essay aims to identify the presence of an ableist ideology in the reasoning of the Peruvian Constitutional Court by carrying an analysis of four sentences that deal with people with mental disabilities and the violation of their freedom. Based on the obligations established by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities regarding their equality and autonomy, we study how, through the reasoning of the Constitutional Court, although these obligations have been adapted in a formal way, there is still a bias identifies people with disabilities as different and not worthy of recognition as a legal person. The recognition of the legal capacity of people with disabilities does not end with a regulatory change. Its denial means they cannot exercise their other fundamental rights under equal conditions. We consider this essay important because the struggle for the recognition of the rights of people with disabilities is still ongoing and requires not only legal but also social changes.
This essay aims to identify the presence of an ableist ideology in the reasoning of the Peruvian Constitutional Court by carrying an analysis of four sentences that deal with people with mental disabilities and the violation of their freedom. Based on the obligations established by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities regarding their equality and autonomy, we study how, through the reasoning of the Constitutional Court, although these obligations have been adapted in a formal way, there is still a bias identifies people with disabilities as different and not worthy of recognition as a legal person. The recognition of the legal capacity of people with disabilities does not end with a regulatory change. Its denial means they cannot exercise their other fundamental rights under equal conditions. We consider this essay important because the struggle for the recognition of the rights of people with disabilities is still ongoing and requires not only legal but also social changes.
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Personas con discapacidad--Perú, Capacidad legal, Tribunales constitucionales--Jurisprudencia--Perú
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