Estudio de caso de un niño de 5 años 7 meses con dificultades en el proceso comprensivo y expresivo del lenguaje
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Date
2022-06-20
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El lenguaje es una capacidad sustancialmente humana que nos permite comunicarnos de manera verbal y no
verbal con el mundo que nos rodea. A su vez, este nos ayuda en el proceso de la comunicación con los demás,
transmitiendo así nuestros pensamientos, sentimientos, ideas y emociones. Esta capacidad es adquirida desde
los primeros años de vida, sin embargo, algunos niños presentan dificultades en su lenguaje, necesitando
ayuda para superarlo y desenvolverse de manera típica con su entorno a lo largo de su vida. El objetivo de
este estudio de caso es realizar una valoración y diseñar un plan de intervención del lenguaje de un niño de 5
años 7 meses con dificultades en el proceso comprensivo y expresivo con la finalidad de mejorar sus
habilidades lingüísticas. Se sigue el modelo de intervención híbrido en donde hay interacciones entre el adulto
y el niño, y se respeta la participación y naturalidad de este último. Los resultados evidencian un incremento
en su vocabulario comprensivo y expresivo en las categorías planificadas, también una mejora en su proceso
comprensivo en el seguimiento de instrucciones simples y en la identificación y producción de oraciones
simples con apoyo de imágenes. Sin embargo, presentó dificultades en la producción de oraciones simples en
experiencia directa; y en el componente Fonético – Fonológico, explícitamente en la producción del fonema
priorizado. Se concluye que el plan de intervención aplicado favoreció al niño mostrando avances en los
componentes Léxico Semántico y Morfosintáctico.
Language is a mainly human capacity that allows us to communicate verbally and non-verbally with the world. Because of that, it helps us communicate our thoughts, feelings, ideas and emotions. This ability is acquired since early ages, however some children have language difficulties, so they need aid in order to overcome them and being able to perform according to their age throughout their life. The objective of this study case is to give an appraisal and design an intervention plan based on the language of a 5 years and 7 months boy with difficulties in his receptive and expressive language with the aim to improve his language skills. This study case follows the hybrid intervention approach in which interactions between the adult and the child take place and the participation and naturalness of the later is respected. The results show an increase in the receptive and expressive vocabulary in the categories planned, also an improvement in the understanding of verbal directions and in the identification and production of simple sentences with the use of pictures. However, the child had difficulties in the production of simple sentences in direct speech and in the Phonetic and Phonology component, explicitly in the production of the prioritized sound. In conclusion, the intervention plan applied was favorable and showed improvement in the Semantic and Syntax components.
Language is a mainly human capacity that allows us to communicate verbally and non-verbally with the world. Because of that, it helps us communicate our thoughts, feelings, ideas and emotions. This ability is acquired since early ages, however some children have language difficulties, so they need aid in order to overcome them and being able to perform according to their age throughout their life. The objective of this study case is to give an appraisal and design an intervention plan based on the language of a 5 years and 7 months boy with difficulties in his receptive and expressive language with the aim to improve his language skills. This study case follows the hybrid intervention approach in which interactions between the adult and the child take place and the participation and naturalness of the later is respected. The results show an increase in the receptive and expressive vocabulary in the categories planned, also an improvement in the understanding of verbal directions and in the identification and production of simple sentences with the use of pictures. However, the child had difficulties in the production of simple sentences in direct speech and in the Phonetic and Phonology component, explicitly in the production of the prioritized sound. In conclusion, the intervention plan applied was favorable and showed improvement in the Semantic and Syntax components.
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Keywords
Trastornos del aprendizaje (Educación)--Estudio de casos, Trastornos del habla en niños--Estudio de casos, Niños--Lenguaje--Estudio de casos