Informe jurídico sobre la Sentencia de Fondo del Caso Habitantes de La Oroya vs. Perú
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Date
2024-08-09
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente informe jurídico versa sobre la sentencia de fondo del caso Habitantes de
La Oroya vs. Perú de fecha 27 de noviembre de 2023. Esta sentencia desarrolla las
vulneraciones a derechos humanos a causa de las actividades extractivas que
provocaron la contaminación ambiental en la ciudad de La Oroya, Perú.
En ese marco, se analizarán los argumentos que la Corte Interamericana de Derechos
Humanos ha empleado para declarar la responsabilidad internacional del Estado
peruano. Respecto de ello, se profundizará en la manera en que la contaminación
ambiental provocó una situación de mayor vulnerabilidad a niños, niñas y mujeres y
se analizarán las afectaciones diferenciadas a sus derechos humanos. De igual
manera, se abordará uno de los mayores aportes de la sentencia, sobre el desarrollo
del contenido del derecho al medio ambiente sano, a fin de profundizar en su
importancia, cuestionar el debate aún existente sobre su justiciabilidad directa y los
retos que aún persisten en la materia. Finalmente, dada la importancia del contexto
histórico y diferenciado, se torna menester que las reparaciones hayan sido dictadas
considerando el enfoque transformador.
Es así que, con el objetivo de sustentar todas estas conclusiones, se utilizarán
diversos cuerpos normativos, jurisprudencia y doctrina tanto nacional como
internacional.
This legal brief refers to the judgment of the case “Residents of La Oroya vs. Peru” published on 27 November 2023. This judgment develops the human rights violations due to the extractive activities that caused environmental contamination in the city of La Oroya, Perú. In this context, the arguments that the Inter-American Court of Human Rights has used to declare the international responsibility of the Peruvian State will be analyzed. In this regard, the way in which the environmental contamination caused a situation of greater vulnerability to children and women will be examined in depth and the differentiated effects on their human rights will be analyzed. Similarly, one of the major contributions of the judgment will be addressed, on the development of the content of the right to a healthy environment, in order to deepen its importance, question the debate still existing on its direct justiciability and the challenges that still persist in the matter. Finally, given the importance of the historical and differentiated context, it is necessary that the reparations have been dictated considering the transformative approach. Thus, in order to support all these conclusions, various bodies of law, jurisprudence, and national and international doctrine will be used.
This legal brief refers to the judgment of the case “Residents of La Oroya vs. Peru” published on 27 November 2023. This judgment develops the human rights violations due to the extractive activities that caused environmental contamination in the city of La Oroya, Perú. In this context, the arguments that the Inter-American Court of Human Rights has used to declare the international responsibility of the Peruvian State will be analyzed. In this regard, the way in which the environmental contamination caused a situation of greater vulnerability to children and women will be examined in depth and the differentiated effects on their human rights will be analyzed. Similarly, one of the major contributions of the judgment will be addressed, on the development of the content of the right to a healthy environment, in order to deepen its importance, question the debate still existing on its direct justiciability and the challenges that still persist in the matter. Finally, given the importance of the historical and differentiated context, it is necessary that the reparations have been dictated considering the transformative approach. Thus, in order to support all these conclusions, various bodies of law, jurisprudence, and national and international doctrine will be used.
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Keywords
Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, Industria minera--Aspectos ambientales--Perú--Junín--La Oroya, Derechos humanos--Perú--Junín--La Oroya, Derechos de la mujer--Perú--Junín--La Oroya, Derechos del niño--Perú--Junín--La Oroya