Estudio de caso del proyecto “Mejoramiento de las capacidades técnico productivas, personales y sociales mediante la Escuela Comunitaria Municipal de Andahuaylillas”, periodo 2018-2019
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2023-04-17
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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En Perú, de un total de 21,63 millones de personas de entre 15 y más años, el
24,5 % (5,3 millones) no ha concluido ningún nivel educativo o ha transitado
únicamente por algunos grados de la educación primaria; estas personas en su
mayoría viven en la zona rural1
(78,7 %) y hablan una lengua originaria. Cabe
señalar, además, que en este contexto se observa que muchas familias heredan
su condición de pobreza de generación en generación y enfrentan limitaciones
para el ejercicio de su ciudadanía; asimismo, se aprecian indicadores
preocupantes en materia de salud, educación, violencia, corrupción, participación
ciudadana y ambiente. Súmese a ello, la falta de oportunidades formativas
articuladas a los intereses y las necesidades de la población y la comunidad.
Dadas estás circunstancias, en el distrito de Andahuaylillas, departamento de
Cusco, funciona la Escuela Comunitaria Municipal de Andahuaylillas (ECM-A), la
cual tiene como finalidad generar nuevas formas de relación social y ciudadana, y
mejorar las condiciones de vida de la población joven y adulta quechuahablante
que no ha accedido a la educación básica o no la ha concluido. Por ello, en esta
escuela se busca fortalecer las capacidades técnico productivas y personales de
las personas, así como sus aptitudes sociales, a fin de mejorar sus condiciones
de vida y su participación en el desarrollo sostenible y “el buen vivir”2. Presentados el contexto y la experiencia de la ECM-A, esta investigación busca
conocer los factores que influyeron positivamente en la generación o fortalecimiento de capacidades en los participantes de la ECM-A durante los años
2018 y 2019. Para ello, se analizan los contenidos relacionados con de las
capacitaciones, la participación de los actores, el aporte brindado para la mejora
de la economía familiar, el desarrollo ciudadano de los participantes y el abordaje
del enfoque intercultural. Asimismo, se proponen medidas de mejora conducentes
a fortalecer la implementación de la ECM-A.
La presente investigación se constituye en un documento base para incentivar la
creación e implementación de escuelas comunitarias gestadas conjuntamente
entre la población organizada y las instituciones y organizaciones que intervienen
en el territorio. Asimismo, los conocimientos y las recomendaciones que ofrece
aportan a la construcción de una política de la educación comunitaria en el Perú,
dado que buscan mejorar la alfabetización y la educación comunitaria mediante
acciones articuladas que tienen en cuenta el desarrollo sostenible y “el buen vivir”.
In Peru, of a total of 21.63 million people aged 15 and over, 24.5% (5.3 million) have not completed any educational level or have only passed through some grades of primary education; most of these people live in rural areas3 (78.7%) and speak a native language. It should also be noted that in this context it is observed that many families inherit their condition of poverty from generation to generation and face limitations in exercising their citizenship; likewise, there are worrying indicators in the areas of health, education, violence, corruption, citizen participation and the environment. Add to this, the lack of training opportunities articulated to the interests and needs of the population and the community. Given these circumstances, in the district of Andahuaylillas, department of Cusco, the Andahuaylillas Municipal Community School (ECM-A) operates, which aims to generate new forms of social and civic relationship, and improve the living conditions of the Quechua-speaking young and adult population who has not accessed basic education or has not completed it. For this reason, this school seeks to strengthen people's technical-productive and personal capacities, as well as their social skills, in order to improve their living conditions and their participation in sustainable development and "the good living"4 . Presented the context and the experience of the ECM-A, this research seeks to know the factors that positively influenced the generation or the strengthening of capacities in the participants of the ECM-A during the years 2018 and 2019. For this, the contents related to the training, the participation of the actors, the contribution provided for the improvement of the family economy, the citizen development of the participants and the approach of the intercultural approach are analyzed. Likewise, improvement measures are proposed to strengthen the implementation of ECM-A. This research constitutes a base document to encourage the creation and implementation of community schools jointly developed by the organized population, the institutions and organizations that intervene in the territory. Likewise, the knowledge and recommendations it offers contribute to the construction of a community education policy in Peru, since they seek to improve literacy and community education through articulated actions that take into account the sustainable development and "the good living".
In Peru, of a total of 21.63 million people aged 15 and over, 24.5% (5.3 million) have not completed any educational level or have only passed through some grades of primary education; most of these people live in rural areas3 (78.7%) and speak a native language. It should also be noted that in this context it is observed that many families inherit their condition of poverty from generation to generation and face limitations in exercising their citizenship; likewise, there are worrying indicators in the areas of health, education, violence, corruption, citizen participation and the environment. Add to this, the lack of training opportunities articulated to the interests and needs of the population and the community. Given these circumstances, in the district of Andahuaylillas, department of Cusco, the Andahuaylillas Municipal Community School (ECM-A) operates, which aims to generate new forms of social and civic relationship, and improve the living conditions of the Quechua-speaking young and adult population who has not accessed basic education or has not completed it. For this reason, this school seeks to strengthen people's technical-productive and personal capacities, as well as their social skills, in order to improve their living conditions and their participation in sustainable development and "the good living"4 . Presented the context and the experience of the ECM-A, this research seeks to know the factors that positively influenced the generation or the strengthening of capacities in the participants of the ECM-A during the years 2018 and 2019. For this, the contents related to the training, the participation of the actors, the contribution provided for the improvement of the family economy, the citizen development of the participants and the approach of the intercultural approach are analyzed. Likewise, improvement measures are proposed to strengthen the implementation of ECM-A. This research constitutes a base document to encourage the creation and implementation of community schools jointly developed by the organized population, the institutions and organizations that intervene in the territory. Likewise, the knowledge and recommendations it offers contribute to the construction of a community education policy in Peru, since they seek to improve literacy and community education through articulated actions that take into account the sustainable development and "the good living".
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Escuelas comunitarias--Perú--Andahuaylillas (Cuzco : Distrito), Comunidad y escuela--Perú, Educación de adultos
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