La influencia de la diplomacia interamericana en las negociaciones de paz de la guerra peruana-ecuatoriana de 1941
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2024-01-12
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Resumen
Se analizará la influencia de la política de seguridad y solidaridad
hemisféricas -o política de seguridad continental- promovida por el gobierno de
Franklin D. Roosevelt a partir de 1936 en América Latina (aspecto prioritario de la
diplomacia interamericana) en el transcurso -y el resultado- de las negociaciones de paz
de la guerra peruana-ecuatoriana de 1941. Así pues, se indagará cómo la
implementación de la misma condicionó el devenir de las negociaciones de paz del
conflicto librado entre Perú y Ecuador en 1941; y, por ende, las ulteriores condiciones
del Protocolo de Río de Janeiro de 1942. En resumidas cuentas, se sugerirá que la
mencionada política de seguridad continental fue instrumentalizada tanto por el Perú y
Ecuador (los beligerantes) en el marco que ofrecía el incipiente sistema panamericano -
en esos momentos dominado por el antagonismo regional entre el panamericanismo
brasileño y el soberanismo argentino- como un mecanismo para congraciarse y a la vez
ejercer presión sobre los Estados Unidos (al árbitro) que también lo utilizó como un
mecanismo de presión sobre los beligerantes durante el transcurso de las negociaciones
de paz de la guerra peruana-ecuatoriana de 1941. Para tales fines, se utilizarán fuentes
primarias impresas y digitales (actas de las conferencias panamericanas, discursos del
presidente Manuel Prado, las actas el consejo de ministros y el archivo en línea de la
Secretaría de Estado de los Estados Unidos), así como documentación perteneciente al
AGN y al Archivo Central de RR.EE.
The influence of the hemispheric security and solidarity policy -or continental security policy- promoted by the government of Franklin D. Roosevelt from 1936 onwards in Latin America (priority aspect of inter-american diplomacy) will be analyzed in the course -and the result- of the peace negotiations of the peruvianecuadorian war of 1941. Thus, it will be investigated how its implementation conditioned the future of the peace negotiations of the conflict waged between Peru and Ecuador in 1941 and, therefore, the subsequent conditions of the Rio de Janeiro Protocol of 1942. In short, it is suggested that the aforementioned continental security policy was instrumentalized by both Peru and Ecuador (the belligerents) within the framework proposed by the incipient panamerican system -at that time dominated by the regional antagonism between brazilian panamericanism and argentine sovereignismas mechanism to ingratiate himself and at the same time exert pressure on the United States (the arbitrator) which also used it as a mechanism of pressure on the belligerents during the course of the peace negotiations peruvian-ecuadorian war of 1941. For such purposes, printed and digital primary sources will be used (minutes of the panamerican conferences, speeches by president Manuel Prado, minutes pf the council of ministers and the online archive of the secretary of state of the United States), as well as documentation belonging to the AGN and the Central Archive of Foreign Affairs.
The influence of the hemispheric security and solidarity policy -or continental security policy- promoted by the government of Franklin D. Roosevelt from 1936 onwards in Latin America (priority aspect of inter-american diplomacy) will be analyzed in the course -and the result- of the peace negotiations of the peruvianecuadorian war of 1941. Thus, it will be investigated how its implementation conditioned the future of the peace negotiations of the conflict waged between Peru and Ecuador in 1941 and, therefore, the subsequent conditions of the Rio de Janeiro Protocol of 1942. In short, it is suggested that the aforementioned continental security policy was instrumentalized by both Peru and Ecuador (the belligerents) within the framework proposed by the incipient panamerican system -at that time dominated by the regional antagonism between brazilian panamericanism and argentine sovereignismas mechanism to ingratiate himself and at the same time exert pressure on the United States (the arbitrator) which also used it as a mechanism of pressure on the belligerents during the course of the peace negotiations peruvian-ecuadorian war of 1941. For such purposes, printed and digital primary sources will be used (minutes of the panamerican conferences, speeches by president Manuel Prado, minutes pf the council of ministers and the online archive of the secretary of state of the United States), as well as documentation belonging to the AGN and the Central Archive of Foreign Affairs.
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Protocolo de Río de Janeiro, 1942, Conflicto Ecuador-Perú, 1941, Estados Unidos--Relaciones Internacionales--América Latina, Relaciones internacionales--América Latina, Perú--Política exterior
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