Revista Kawsaypacha: Sociedad y Medio Ambiente. Núm. 11 (2023)
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://54.81.141.168/handle/123456789/193682
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Ítem Texto completo enlazado La conservación de los humedales peruanos: un análisis de su legislación, sanciones y consecuencias(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de la Naturaleza, Tierra y Energía (INTE-PUCP), 2023-04-21) Toledo, Sheyla; Aponte, Héctor; Gil, FernandoWetlands are globally valuable ecosystems, mainly because they provide ecosystem services. In Peru, these ecosystems are governed by regulations that have been in place for the last 60 years. However, these have not been critically assessed to date. This paper compiles and analyzes the regulations related to Peruvian wetlands, evaluating the penalties they impose and their consistency with the legal systems protecting these areas. As a result, 44 documents were found, which include laws (13), decrees (11), resolutions (8), strategies (6), regulations (3), protocol (1), declaration (1) and the constitution. Eighty-five percent of these documents (37) do not set forth any sanctions; seven established penalties. Among the latter, we find penalties punishing pollution (4 documents), overexploitation of resources (3), poor management (3), accumulation of debris (1), the presence of drains (1), as well as impacts that are used to assess the conservation status in protected areas, such as pollution (7), overuse of resources (4), displacement of native species by the introduction of exotic species (3) and habitat loss (2). The evolution of documents over time, the penalties they establish, and the need to strengthen regulatory aspects and propose strategies jointly with competent authorities and the population are discussed.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Los derechos de la naturaleza y la necesidad de transitar hacia una nueva ontología(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de la Naturaleza, Tierra y Energía (INTE-PUCP), 2023-05-02) Monteagudo, Cecilia; Huyhua Muñoz, Sheyla LilianaThe utilitarian approach, normalized by humans as a way to relate with other non-human forms of life has led us to build a lifestyle that has generated irreparable and irreversible environmental damages. In such context, this article offers a complex view from some voices of contemporary hermeneutics about the relationship between nature and its possibility of accessing rights. For this purpose, research is divided into four sections. We initially propose a review of the links between anthropocentrism, modern law and the construction of the modern subject’s identity. Next, an interpretation of the search and production of knowledge as an activity capable of causing destructive effects to the environment is offered in relation to the previous ideas. Then, such perspective is complemented by a reflection on the myth of scientific objectivism, as a homogenizing attitude that colonizes different cultural spheres. Finally, we address the domination of nature by human beings as a practice that reflects the utilitarian bond through which we have organized our way of life. This invites us to think about the need to move towards a new ontological paradigm that allows us to build a non-hierarchical and non-exclusive approach to non-human forms of life.Ítem Texto completo enlazado El derrame de petróleo en la refinería La Pampilla y sus efectos en el ecosistema marino costero y la economía local del distrito de Ancón (Lima, Perú)(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de la Naturaleza, Tierra y Energía (INTE-PUCP), 2023-04-21) Wasiw Buendía, José Iván; Villalobos Porras, Eduardo Martin; Velásquez Cokche, Aaron RodrigoThis article reviews what happened with the oil spill at La Pampilla refinery and the negative impacts it caused to the coastal marine ecosystem and to artisanal fishermen and residents who live from tourism and local gastronomy in the Ancon district; as well as the strategies implemented by the private sector and by the Peruvian government to date, to manage such negative externalities affecting the environment and said stakeholders. Based on this review, some proposals for action are presented, which will remain for discussion or as contributions, for remeasurthe damaged ecosystem, and reactivatng artisanal fishing and the local economy in the short, medium and long term in the Ancon district.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Determinación de la calidad ambiental de las ex relaveras Azalia y Chonta (Pasco, Perú), por medio de monitoreos ornitológicos(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de la Naturaleza, Tierra y Energía (INTE-PUCP), 2023-04-19) Saenz Cortez, Carlos Alberto; Vilela Saldarriaga, Johanna MarielBird monitoring conducted in the former Azalia and Chonta tailings dams, located in the District of Goyllarisquizga (Pasco), conducted from March 9 to 12, 2021, has helped determining that the environmental quality is average. Furthermore, it has been pointed out that it is important to restore and reforest ecological components of the former Chonta and Azalia tailings dams, since according to the results obtained, 89.06% of the species found are registered on the IUCN Red List of threatened species, classified as Least Concern according to version 3.1 of the second edition of the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Likewise, 10.92% of birds are endemic to the area, which means that they can only inhabit that type of ecosystem, and 3.36% of birds are cataloged as CITES and are listed in Appendix II of CITES, so it can be concluded that 89.06% of species are sensitive.Ítem Texto completo enlazado ¿Educación ambiental o educación para el desarrollo sostenible? El sentido ético de la educación ambiental(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-07-25) Castro-Carpio, Augusto; Leal-Díaz, Diana MarcelaSince the 1960s it has become clear that a development model focused on economic growth would erode environmental systems (through pollution, deforestation, soil degradation, climate change, loss of biodiversity, etc.) and exacerbate social conflicts (through violence, migration, poverty, food insecurity and other phenomena). As mechanisms to help reverse the damage and balance the relationship with nature, the United Nations formulated educational strategies aimed at harmonizing the relationships of human beings with the environment. Initially they spoke of environmental education and in later years education for sustainable development. This article reflects on the international perspective on issues such as development, sustainability, and environmental education to then dive into the concept of environmental education and its various interpretations. Furthermore, it enters the debate on “education for sustainable development” to bring out the most significant vicissitudes in the understanding of development. Finally, it addresses the importance of environmental education at school and underscores the relevance of ethics in the approach to that environmental education.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Entre "lo local y lo externo". El rol del territorio local en la transformación histórica del sistema alimentario de Lima Metropolitana(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de la Naturaleza, Tierra y Energía (INTE-PUCP), 2023-04-19) Pajuelo Bravo, Jose AlonsoThe food system is a relevant component to sustain the cities, that arises from the interrelationship among stakeholders, infraestructures and natural resources, enabling food production, transformation, storage, distribution, commercialization and consumption, as well as food waste reuse. Thus, the system provides enough accessible and harmless food to the locals. In South America, the Pacific hydrographic region has hosted societies that created food systems that evolved from self-sufficient to open to economic chains. This has an impact on the management of production areas in the territory. Since pre-Hispanic times, territory-adapted food systems were developed, which were focused on managing several production areas distributed in a group of basins. Nevertheless, the creation of large cities in this region, such as Metropolitan Lima, have resulted in the relocation of production areas out and away from their territory, which allows to differentiate what is local and what is external. Although the metropolis became a strong economic hub that contributes to the development of global and domestic economic chains; population growth and unplanned urbanization have caused soil degradation and the reduction of arable land (supplied to the real estate market), relegating the local metropolitan territory to food trade and consumption. In consequence, the food system is vulnerable to global or domestic crisis scenarios that could interrupt the external production process. This research analyzes the historical transformation of Lima’s food system to reflect on the local territory’s contribution to food security.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Gestión de residuos sólidos generados en el proceso de trabajo estudiantil en la FAUA - UPAO(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-07-10) Boggiano-Burga, María Lucía; Vargas-Navarro, Vanya MaytheDuring their university years, the student of architecture carries out several hands-on works that are essential for their academic development such as the making of models, plans, and reports that are mostly discharged later without considering their value. Therefore, the aim of this research was to analyze the management of solid waste generated in the FAUA-UPAO Architecture Program, considering the principles of the 5Rs and the recycling culture that students have. For this, the waste produced was sorted out based on its lifetime and toxicity level. Secondly, 218 surveys were applied to students chosen under simple random sampling probability in order to know their ecological habits and their predisposition for recycling, obtaining an estimate of the amount of materials used and discarded at the end of the academic semester; likewise, an interview was conducted with the university board to learn about the current management. Finally, a comprehensive waste management plan was proposed for the faculty which included the implementation of a recycling area in the academic department. Not only will this allow the proper segregation of solid waste but also promote a greener culture among the students, academic and administrative staff in order to show respect for the environment, improve the use of resources and reevaluate the waste, contributing to reduce the ecological footprint.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Interpretaciones sobre la deforestación en áreas naturales protegidas en la Amazonía del Perú(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-06-26) Dourojeanni, MarcThis note comments and criticizes some aspects of a recent publication (Cotrina A. et al. 2021. «Peruvian Amazon disappearing: Transformation of protected areas during the last two decades (2001-2019) and potential future deforestation modeling using cloud computing and MaxEnt approach». Journal for Nature Conservation, Elsevier) that analyzes year by year deforestation in Peruvian Amazon protected natural areas and in their buffer zones. Their results are interesting and they generally confirm what is known on the subject. However, in addition to making inaccurate statements, the authors of this work draw alarmist conclusionsthat are not consistent with their own results or with the reality of managing protected natural areas in Peru and other tropical countries.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Presentación(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-11-24) Castro, AugustoWe are pleased to present another issue of Revista Kawsaypacha: Sociedad y Medio Ambiente, a journal of the Institute of Nature, Earth, and Energy at the Pontificia Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (INTE-PUCP). In this 11th issue, several important contributions are gathered, allowing us to contribute to a better understanding of socio-environmental subjects.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Prospectivas del uso de vehículos con batería ion-litio y desarrollo sostenible en Sudamérica(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-08-07) Romero-Carrion, Violeta Leonor; Ccasani-Allende, Julián; Rivadeneyra-Rivas, César Augusto; Altamirano-Romero, Juan Carlos GuillermoSouth America has the lithium deposits that enable economic growth in the region, given the global demand for manufacturing batteries for electric vehicles, which reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The objective is to determine the relationship between the use of lithium-ion battery vehicles and the components of sustainable development in South America. The design is non-experimental, correlational, and analytical. The sample comprises Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru. A documentary analysis was conducted, and a hypothesis test statistic was applied based on the data found in the literature. The results show that by the year 2034, sales of electric vehicles will continue to grow at an annual rate of 25.2%. The application of Spearman's Rho confirms a significant correlation between the type of energy (fossil and electric) used by vehicles and their CO2 eq emissions. However, the current regulations in the region do not facilitate effective management of the lithium value chain. There are social conflicts related to the use of water in lithium extraction, noncompliance with agreements by operating companies, and a lack of transparency, leading to the cancellation or suspension of 50% of mining projects.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Reflexiones desde el psicoanálisis a los retos ambientales de hoy. A propósito del libro "Desafíos y perspectivas de la situación ambiental en el Perú"(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de la Naturaleza, Tierra y Energía (INTE-PUCP), 2023-04-21) Hernández Camarero, MaxIn relation to the book "Desafíos y perspectivas de la situación ambiental en el Perú: en el marco de la conmemoración de los 200 años de vida republicana," edited by Augusto Castro and María Isabel Merino Gómez and published by INTE-PUCP, this article presents contributions from various authors who address the challenges of climate change from a social and psychoanalytic perspective. Taking up Sally Weintrobe's words, facing climate change is not a technical or scientific problem; it is a human problem, and to address it, it is necessary to take into account individual and community psychological variables.