Politai. Vol. 09 Núm. 16 (2018)
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Ítem Texto completo enlazado Editorial. Politai; Vol. 9, Núm. 16 (2018): Políticas urbanas y ciudad en América Latina(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018) Castillo Jara, SoledadNo presenta resumenÍtem Texto completo enlazado ¿Los de arriba y los de abajo?: Análisis comparativo de las políticas urbanas en los distritos de El Agustino y San Isidro en Lima, Perú(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018) Espinoza Prado, Gelin; Limay Castillo, JimenaThe public space has recently become the protagonist of urban transformations, especially because it expresses the complexities of globalization. Therefore, urban agglomerates are currently contesting leadership spaces of different natures (financial, cultural, etc.). This situation turns cities and their governments into fertile ground to promote changes and also into scenarios in which all social contradictions are expressed. The present article analyzes the urban policies deployed by two districts of Metropolitan Lima: El Agustino and San Isidro. The districts to be studied were chosen by virtue of their different income levels: while San Isidro is one of the districts of Lima with the highest income, El Agustino is considered as a low-income district. Our analysis model offers criteria to examine in a comparative way the phenomenon of urban governance in two generally different districts. With the evidence, we conclude that despite the significant differences in the type of implemented policies, both districts need to improve the degraded spaces in order to allow the universal accessibility and the redistribution of opportunities among the population. These challenges pose the need to define a new urban agenda where a feminist and universal design approach is present for the implementation of policies that allow the proper functioning of public services. In order to achieve our objective, a qualitative methodology was applied; it required the review of management documents, web pages and, at the same time, observations of the urban space, as well as a set of semi-structured interviews to authorities and former municipal authorities.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Explorando el espacio vial: Un mapeo preliminar de los factores que influyeron en la capacidad de regulación y fiscalización del transporte urbano de la Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima durante el período 2007-2014(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018-07-02) Sánchez Flórez, Diego AlonsoThis article aims to identify the different factors that have affected the recent urban transport policy of the local government of Lima, through the analysis of the Urban Transport Office (GTU) of the municipality of the metropolitan area of Lima (MML) during the period 2007-2014. The preliminary results emphasize the role of the sectorial and territorial governance of the urban transport, the urban transport stakeholders and the capacities of the governmental local agency dedicated to the inspection and regulation of the transport system in the city.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Espacios públicos no tan públicos(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018-07-02) Lozada Acosta, LauraLima is experiencing a series of conflicts generated by private initiatives that propose the development of commercial platforms, parking lots and other forms of private investment on parks and green areas of the city. These initiatives are based on a legal system that favors the promotion of private investment. They also find a great reception in local governments, which seek new sources of income even at the expense of the denaturalization of the public. The article takes two cases, the Manhattan Park in Comas and the Alameda Los Incas in Independencia, to analyze the influence of public regulation and the logic of private capital on public spaces, as well as the measures adopted by the local governments and citizen movements. Also, it analyzes the decision-making arrangement on the public space management and what power asymmetries exist among those who participate in it. It is concluded that the current arrangement favors the participation of local government and private companies in the determination of what can be done on the land of public use, leaving the voice of neighbors aside. However, the cases demonstrate the power of citizen mobilization to stop this type of private initiatives in public spaces.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Reflexiones en torno al transporte y la inversión pública en ciudades intermedias. El caso de Arequipa, 2002- 2016(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018-07-02) Ochoa Arévalo, AlejandroThe present study proposes, in the first part, the descriptive review of the four approaches in the transport sector and their strategies to generate solutions present in the planning of intermediate cities. Likewise, the process of changing the views and models of the city of Arequipa is recognized, through the qualitative analysis of the approach of the transport sector of the two master plans executed in the last 15 years with significant impact for the relationship.The first plan analyzed (2002-2015) was oriented to the consolidation of the central area, two centralities in the north and south, and five functional units articulated by a longitudinal road system from north to south, a road ring and a complementary arterial mesh. The second master plan (2016-2025) constitutes the deconcentration of the central area, the consolidation of two secondary centers (north and south), and six tertiary centers articulated by main, secondary corridors and ring roads. In this way, an urban structure is marked that considers articulating centralities and diverse agglomerations of dispersed houses in their peripheral expansion.In the second part of the study, a quantitative and qualitative comparison is made between the public investment projects approved budgeted by the Ministry of Economy and Finance to the provincial government of Arequipa, and its link with the proposals elaborated in the stated master plans that serve to checking the level of real execution in the construction of the city.The beginning of this methodology that links the evaluation of the approach in the transport sector in the master plans with the verification of the realization of public investment projects constitutes a tool in the process of control of the urban policies executed by the local governments in intermediate cities.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Presentación. Politai; Vol. 9 Núm. 16 (2018): Políticas urbanas y ciudad en América Latina(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018-07-10) Molnárová, JitkaNo presenta resumenÍtem Texto completo enlazado El Gobierno de las grandes ciudades. Gobernanza y descentralización en las Metrópolis de América Latina(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018-07-10) Inga, Carol; Zuñiga, ArturoNo presenta resumenÍtem Texto completo enlazado Cuando el río suena es porque piedras trae: desafíos de la sociedad civil de Santa María de Huachipa y Cajamarquilla para la gestión de riesgo ante los desbordes del río Huaycoloro(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018-07-10) Illanes Calderón, ChristianWe seek to determine the degree of incidence of civil society groups in the design and implementation of the Disaster Risk Management policy in Santa María de Huachipa and Cajamarquilla. Both areas are located in the Lurigancho-Chosica district, specifically in the Huaycoloro river gorge. They were affected by the overflow of that river between February and March 2017. As a result, infrastructure losses were reported. The methodological proposal of this study follows a qualitative approach. It is a case study. Information will be gathered in depth through semi-structured interviews with members of homeowner associations and officials of the municipalities of Huachipa and Chosica before and during the disaster (for the implementation of the current policy) and after the disaster (for the design and implementation of an improved risk-reduction alternative). The hypothesis is that homeowner associations have a low incidence in the Disaster Risk Management policy. Given the «market governance» scenario that prevails in the studied areas, these associations are limited to a secondary role. The municipal authority only asks them for information, but does not encourage them to play a more proactive role in making decisions.Ítem Texto completo enlazado La lucha por la ciudad: controversias en el proceso de formulación del Plan Cusco al 2025 – Movilidad y Espacio Público en una Ciudad Patrimonio (Cusco 2014-2018)(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018-07-10) Concha Vásquez, Claudia AlejandraThrough coordination between the Regional Government of Cusco, UNESCO and the World Bank, the Plan for Mobility and Public Space Cusco 2025 was born. This plan aimed to order the vehicular system of the city, generate neighborhoods where the population can occupy the public space enjoying the streets, parks and squares, and implement a new urban transport model consisting of a main route with intelligent traffic lights. The process of formulating this plan has been surrounded by technical, political and coordination conflicts between the different institutions involved. Additionally, it came into conflict with the city models and the interests of different local actors, such as the residents of the city center, the tourism companies, among others.This paper aims to identify the factors that hindered the development of the Cusco Plan by 2025, placing special emphasis on the definitions of the public problem, the technical and political capacities of the institutions involved as well as the response from the press and the citizens of Cusco. This, in turn, will allow us to delve into the study of the paradox of those initiatives which are planned and have political and economic support from local and international institutions, but still encounter difficulties throughout their development, which finally leads to partial implementation or the cancellation of the policy.