(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014) Santos, Martín
There is a growing interest in studying discrimination in Peruvian Social Science. Against this backdrop, this article seeks to assess critically recent empirical research on discrimination in Peru, with an emphasis on racial, ethnic and social discrimination in employment and income, firms, health organizations, education, relationship with public agencies and everyday life. After reviewing the relevant literature on discrimination, this article presents a critical appraisal, taking into consideration the research questions posed, the theoretical frameworks and analytical categories used, the ways in which the notion of «race» is measured, the questions asked to measure discrimination, the manners in which discrimination is detected, and the (debatable) ways researchers interpret their findings. The articleconcludes by highlighting gaps in the literature which should be addressed.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014) Gutiérrez Vera, Daniel
Ernesto Laclau, emeritus professor of the University of Essex, UK, visited Ecuador in March 2012. In his open conference at FLACSO, Quito, Laclau presented his peculiar interpretation of «populism». The present article sketches the main lines of Laclau’s lecture and draws a critique on some of his main theoretical and political tenets.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014) Valdivia Vargas, Néstor
This document is based on a recent study on the relation between ethnicity, culture, «race» and ancestry among Afro-Peruvians. Findings show that while construction of the «black» or Afrodescendant identity in Peru holds the cultural dimension as a central component, it mainly - and fundamentally- revolves around the idea of the existence of a «black race». According to these «racialized» identity criteria, the boundaries of an Afro-descendant «we» cover only those with certain phenotypic markers that Afro-Peruvians themselves consider as defining membership in the «black race». The phenotypical «evidence» of «blackness» thus appears as a kind of «necessary condition» for the «black»/Afro- Peruvian identity. This form of self-identification poses a threat to the political discourses and projects of Afro-Peruvian organizations seeking to build a «de-racialized» Afrodescendant identity, one that is linked to a historical memory of the African diaspora which, nonetheless, seems to hold a weak presence among our country’s people of African descent.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014) Seclén Neyra, Eloy
This paper presents the phenomenon of the private universities that have emerged in our country during the nineties. This increase of alternatives to access to higher education has generated a sense of significant progress in terms of social mobility opportunities for middle class youth. However, we point that this quantitative increase has caused rather a very strong professional market segmentation. That is, it has not reduced educational gaps
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014) Moreno, Martín
This study defines and characterizes etno-racial self-identification patterns of the Peruvianpopulation employing the Encuesta Nacional de Hogares (Enaho) 2012. For this purpose, we have employed a module with questions recently added to this survey, in order to approach empirically to the notion of identity, combining the dimensions of native language, self-acknowledgment and the notion of indigenous population. The results are based on a latent classes analysis employing, at the same time, the information in this questions in order to identify four possible etnoracial identities. These identities are intertwined in the self-acknowledgment process with certain ancestors and customs, and also the one based on language. With the methodology and the data collected, we haven’t found evidence that point that ethnic identities are multiple and fluent. The ethnic identities show certain heterogeneity in terms of the dimensions they are composed.
