(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2015) De La Puente Burlando, Lorena
En el mundo, los Estados transforman el uso de su territorio a través de proyectos de infraestructura con la promesa de generar mayor desarrollo para el país. Sin embargo, tal proceso acarrea costos sociales locales, pues las poblaciones —usualmente marginales— que habitan los territorios de interés para el Estado se ven obligadas a abandonarlos al no poder reproducir sus actividades tradicionales. Si bien los Estados poseen grandes capacidades para promover los mencionados proyectos, aún carecen de mecanismos institucionales suficientes como para evitar impactos locales. Si bien los conflictos sociales son respuestas frecuentes a esta incapacidad, en un nivel general el avance del Estado es exitoso. La presente investigación busca responder a cómo se construye el vínculo entre los funcionarios públicos y la población en riesgo, para legitimar la transformación del territorio e invisibilizar los costos sociales del proceso. Argumentamos que el uso del discurso del desarrollo es un instrumento disponible para ganar legitimidad. El caso elegido es el reasentamiento del asentamiento humano «El Ayllu», a causade la ampliación del aeropuerto internacional Jorge Chávez en el Callao, Perú.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2015) del Castillo Tafur, Cynthia
The Camisea Gas Project, which is one of the largest gas exploration and exploitation projects in Latin America, has been operating since 2000 in the southeast Amazon of Cusco in Peru, in territory historically occupied by Machiguenga indigenous populations. The Machiguenga Native Community of Cashiriari, where my fieldwork is based, undergoes huge processes of social transformation, among other reasons, due to the money received as compensation from the Camisea Consortium for the environmental impacts in their territory, and to the indigenous labour policy, which involves hiring Machiguenga men to work as wage-labourers at the Camisea gas fields. The subsistence economy (through hunting, fishing, gathering, agriculture) has become insufficient, and making money has become a need in the community
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2015) Rondán Vásquez, Luis
This research seeks to show the ways of male social performance by students in educational environments in which they are more likely to question the traditional model of masculinity (TMM) that characterizes the man as a different and superior being than the woman. As a way to approach to that phenomena, we have decided to study a private, secular, mixed and «alternative» school (characterized by promoting democratic values), because previous research showed evidence that these schools actively challenge gender stereotypes. We found that the male performance of the students reproduces, at the very least partially, the TMM model. The measures used by the school to promote gender equality were useful to promote practices that took distance from some TMM issues (suchas emotional expressiveness) but are not sufficient to ensure that other aspects of TMM will not be reproduced (such as the tendency of male domination or gay rejection).
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2015) Aramburú, Carlos E.; Mendoza, Walter
This paper presents the trends and characteristics of the Peruvian population up to 2050 based both on official statistics and author’s estimates. Issues discussed include growth, changes in vital rates, age structure, the demographic bonus, ageing, migration and distribution. Policy implications of these demographic trends are also discussed.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2015) Cavagnoud, Robin
Children out of family relationships enter the world of street and socialize with groups of peers with whom they share daily activities like work, theft and alcohol and inhalants consumption. Their lives are commonly associated with survival. However, the study of their life courses shows that the use ofthis term is not always adequate. Following implementation of supports and forms of stability that children reach to maintain with peers and associations, survival gives way to a relative control, random but real, of their destiny. From a fieldwork in La Paz and El Alto (Bolivia) with observations and children life stories in street situation, the article highlights transitions to and out of survival in their biographical course to characterize this notion.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2015) Rochabrún Silva, Guillermo
Bruno Latour, a former philosopher who turned to anthropology and sociology, whose work is so much known as controversial, has been developing a radical restatement of contemporary social sciences,with broad consequences for them, and in particular for sociology. Stating that the social does not exist, Latour claims the inclusion as «actants», as well as humans, of all kind of objects. According to Latour, in that way it would not be necessary to appeal to transcendent instances of experience, like huge historical processes, or entities in which a specific agent does not appear. After discovering Gabriel Tarde’s scientific production, who is considered by him as an antecessor of his ideas, Latour has lay down both a critique to the homo economicus, as well as to Marx’s vision on capitalism. This article intends to evaluate those critiques, making each author question the other.
